Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Treatment

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that primarily affects the large intestine. IBS is known for its fluctuating symptoms, making it a long-term condition that requires consistent treatment and lifestyle management.

Causes of IBS

The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but several factors are believed to contribute:

• Digestive system abnormalities: Irregular contractions of intestinal muscles.
• Increased gut sensitivity: Lower pain threshold leading to discomfort and cramping.
• Gut microbiome imbalance: Alterations in beneficial gut bacteria.
• Psychological factors: Stress, anxiety, and emotional disturbances can worsen symptoms.

Types of IBS

1. IBS with Constipation (IBS-C)

Characterized by hard, lumpy stools and infrequent bowel movements.

2. IBS with Diarrhea (IBS-D)

Characterized by frequent loose or watery stools.

3. IBS with Mixed Bowel Habits (IBS-M)

Involves alternating episodes of both constipation and diarrhea.

Symptoms of IBS

• Abdominal pain or cramping
• Bloating and excessive gas
• Constipation, diarrhea, or alternating patterns
• Mucus in the stool
• Changes in bowel habits
• Feeling of incomplete evacuation
• Fatigue and sleep disturbances
• Anxiety or depression associated with chronic symptoms

Treatment Approach

Treatment for IBS focuses on managing symptoms, improving digestion, and addressing emotional triggers:

• Prescription of Homeopathic medications tailored to each individual's symptom pattern and emotional profile
• Dietary modifications: avoiding trigger foods, adopting a gut-friendly diet
• Stress reduction techniques: yoga, deep breathing, meditation
• Psychotherapy or counseling: helpful when emotional factors contribute heavily
• Increasing fiber intake as per tolerance

Investigations Required

To rule out other gastrointestinal conditions or confirm IBS, the following tests are suggested:

• Blood tests – to exclude thyroid disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, or infections
• Stool tests – to rule out parasites, infection, or digestive enzyme issues
• Colonoscopy – to examine the colon for inflammation, polyps, or structural abnormalities
• Imaging studies such as abdominal X-ray or CT scan to rule out alternate causes