Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine. 

Recommended treatment duration.

2-3 years.

It differs from case to case and also chronicity of the illness.

Causes:

The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of factors, including:

• Abnormalities in the digestive system: IBS may be caused by abnormalities in the way the muscles of the digestive system contract and relax.
• Increased sensitivity to pain: People with IBS may have a lower pain threshold in their digestive system, leading to discomfort and pain.
• Changes in gut bacteria: Some studies suggest that changes in the bacteria that normally live in the gut may contribute to IBS symptoms.
• Psychological factors: Stress and anxiety may exacerbate IBS symptoms in some people.

 

Types:

There are three types of IBS:

• IBS with constipation (IBS-C): This type of IBS is characterized by constipation and hard, lumpy stools.
• IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D): This type of IBS is characterized by diarrhea and loose, watery stools.
• IBS with mixed bowel habits (IBS-M): This type of IBS involves both constipation and diarrhea.

Symptoms:

 

The symptoms of IBS can vary from person to person, but may include:

• Abdominal pain or cramping
• Bloating and gas
• Diarrhea, constipation, or both
• Changes in bowel habits
• Mucus in the stool
• Feeling of incomplete evacuation after bowel movements
• Fatigue and difficulty sleeping
• Anxiety or depression

Treatment:

Treatment for IBS may involve making lifestyle changes, such as avoiding trigger foods, increasing fiber intake, and reducing stress.

Homeopathic Medications, 

Psychotherapy or counseling may be necessary to address underlying psychological factors.

Dietary changes.

Investigations required. 

1. Blood tests: Blood tests can help rule out other conditions such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and thyroid disorders.

2. Stool tests: Stool tests can help identify any infections or parasites that may be causing the symptoms.

3. Colonoscopy: A colonoscopy is a procedure that uses a camera to examine the inside of the colon. It can help identify any abnormalities, such as polyps or inflammation, that may be causing the symptoms.

4. Imaging tests: Imaging tests such as an abdominal X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out any other conditions that may be causing the symptoms.